Globefact
Countries· 7 min read

Which Countries Have No Military? The Full List of Nations Without an Army

About 20 sovereign countries maintain no standing military force at all. Some, like Costa Rica and Panama, deliberately abolished their armies. Most of the rest are small island nations that rely on a police force at home and a defense treaty with a larger ally for everything else.

Countries With No Standing Army

CountryRegionDefense Arrangement
Costa RicaCentral AmericaAbolished its army in 1948; keeps a police and coast guard force
PanamaCentral AmericaAbolished its military in 1990; keeps a police and border force
IcelandEuropeNo army; a NATO member, with its coast guard handling patrols
LiechtensteinEuropeAbolished its army in 1868
AndorraEuropeNo standing army; defense is shared informally by France and Spain
MonacoEuropeSmall ceremonial guard only; France is responsible for defense by treaty
Vatican CityEuropeThe Swiss Guard protects the Pope; Italy handles external defense
GrenadaCaribbeanDisbanded its army after the 1983 US-led invasion
DominicaCaribbeanNever formed an army; uses a regional security force
Saint LuciaCaribbeanNo army; a police force with a small special service unit
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesCaribbeanNo army; relies on a regional defense force
Saint Kitts and NevisCaribbeanA small defense force, but no full standing army
SamoaOceaniaNo armed forces; a defense treaty with New Zealand
KiribatiOceaniaNo military; policing only
NauruOceaniaNo military; an informal defense arrangement with Australia
TuvaluOceaniaNo military; a small police force
VanuatuOceaniaNo standing army; a mobile police force
Solomon IslandsOceaniaDisbanded its paramilitary wing in 2003; police only
Marshall IslandsOceaniaDefense is the responsibility of the United States by treaty
MicronesiaOceaniaDefense is the responsibility of the United States by treaty
PalauOceaniaDefense is the responsibility of the United States by treaty
MauritiusAfricaNo army since independence; a police and coast guard force

Two Ways a Country Ends Up Without an Army

Abolished by Choice

Costa Rica's 1948 constitution explicitly bans a standing army, a decision made after a brief civil war, with the stated goal of redirecting military spending toward education and healthcare. Panama followed a similar path in 1990, dissolving its military after the US invasion that removed Manuel Noriega from power.

Learn geography every day

Globefact delivers daily bite-sized facts about countries, capitals, flags, and world records.

Download on the App Store

Never Needed One

Most of the countries on this list never built an army in the first place. Small population, small budget, and a low perceived risk of invasion made a standing military impractical, so domestic security is handled by police while external defense rests on formal or informal arrangements with bigger partners: the United States for several Pacific island nations, France for Monaco, and NATO membership for Iceland.

→The 10 Smallest Countries in the World

Does "No Army" Mean No Defense at All?

No. Nearly every country on this list keeps some kind of police, paramilitary, or coast guard unit for domestic security. Several, including the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, and Palau, are part of a Compact of Free Association with the United States, which formally handles their external defense in exchange for military access.

How many countries have no military?

Around 20 sovereign countries maintain no standing army, mostly small island nations plus a handful in Central America and Europe.

Which country was the first to abolish its army?

Costa Rica abolished its military in 1948, becoming one of the first modern countries to do so by constitutional decree.

Do countries without an army have any defense at all?

Yes. Most keep a police force, coast guard, or small paramilitary unit, and many have formal defense treaties with larger allies such as the United States, France, or Australia.

Does Switzerland have no military?

No, this is a common myth. Switzerland has a large militia-based army; it is famous for neutrality, not for lacking armed forces.

Globefact covers facts about every country on Earth, defense included. Download the app to keep learning something new every day.